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Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80206, USA
Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Genetics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA
ABSTRACT
Summary: We report initial attempts to define the role of Ca2+ in the polarized extension of Neurospora crassa. Growth of the organism was diminished in media containing less than 1 mM-Ca2+; extension was more severely impaired than biomass synthesis, resulting in the formation of stubby, bulbous hyphae, even of spherical cells. Reduced extension and abnormal morphology were correlated with the loss of surface-bound Ca2+, probably associated with the cell wall. Intracellular Ca2+ may be represented by material that fluoresces brightly in the presence of chlortetracycline. Punctate fluorescent bodies and diffuse fluorescence were both arrayed in a longitudinal gradient, maximum apically. Addition of the calcium ionophore A23187 induced dissipation of the fluorescence; concurrently, the hyphae lost as much as one half of their Ca2+ content. Extension continued almost unabated, but multiple branches quickly emerged from the apex. The observations suggest that a cytoplasmic Ca2+ gradient is not required for polarized extension, but may play a role in ensuring the dominance of the apex.
Present address: Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. This article has been cited by other articles:
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  B. J. Bowman, M. Draskovic, M. Freitag, and E. J. Bowman Structure and Distribution of Organelles and Cellular Location of Calcium Transporters in Neurospora crassa Eukaryot. Cell, December 1, 2009; 8(12): 1845 - 1855. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 S. D. Harris Branching of fungal hyphae: regulation, mechanisms and comparison with other branching systems. Mycologia, November 1, 2008; 100(6): 823 - 832. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 L. B. Silverman-Gavrila and R. R. Lew Calcium gradient dependence of Neurospora crassa hyphal growth Microbiology, September 1, 2003; 149(9): 2475 - 2485. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 M. Ojha and F. Barja Spatial and cellular localization of calcium-dependent protease (CDP II) in Allomyces arbuscula J. Cell Sci., March 15, 2003; 116(6): 1095 - 1105. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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N. Levina, R. Lew, G. Hyde, and I. Heath The roles of Ca2+ and plasma membrane ion channels in hyphal tip growth of Neurospora crassa J. Cell Sci., January 11, 1995; 108(11): 3405 - 3417. [Abstract] [PDF]
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