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Endogenous ADP-ribosylation during development of the prokaryote Myxococcus xanthus

Deborah Eastman

Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA

Author for correspondence: Martin Dworkin. Tel: +1 612 624 5634. Fax: +1 612 626 0623. e-mail: martin@lenti.med.umn.edu.

ABSTRACT

We examined endogenous ADP-ribosylation of proteins during the development of the prokaryote Myxococcus xanthus. In vivo and in vitro endogenous ADP-ribosylation of M. xanthus proteins was detected and the profile of modified proteins changed during development. Adenosine and nicotinamide inhibited ADP-ribosylation. Nicotinamide stimulated cells at low density to develop, in a manner similar to that previously observed with adenosine. Higher concentrations of nicotinamide inhibited aggregation. The in vivo effects of nicotinamide on developing M. xanthus cells correlate with its in vitro effects on ADP-ribosylation and the developmental profile of putative ADP-ribosylation substrates. These results suggest that ADP-ribosylation may regulate developmental proteins in M. xanthus.

Present address: Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Heraklion, Crete, 71110 Greece.

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