microbiology, Vol 142, 2311-2320, Copyright © 1996 by Society for General Microbiology

ARTICLES

The plasmin-binding protein Plr of group A streptococci is identified as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

SB Winram and R Lottenberg
Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610, USA.

Group A streptococci bind the serine protease plasmin with high affinity. Previously, a 41 kDa protein was identified as a candidate plasmin receptor protein (Plr) from group A streptococcal strain 64/14. The plr gene encoding Plr was cloned and the deduced amino acid sequence of Plr had significant similarity to glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate dehydrogenases (GAPDHs). In this study we have isolated cytoplasmic GAPDH of streptococcal strain 64/14. This enzyme was examined, on both structural and functional levels, for its relatedness to the Plr of strain 64/14 purified from mutanolysin extract and to recombinant Plr. We report here that no differences were detected between streptococcal Plr and cytoplasmic GAPDH on the basis of antibody reactivity, plasmin-binding activity, GAPDH activity, N- terminal amino acid sequence, peptide map analysis by V8 protease digestion and amino acid composition analysis. Furthermore, the plr gene appears to be present as a single copy in group A streptococci.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C. M. Gillen, H. S. Courtney, K. Schulze, M. Rohde, M. R. Wilson, A. M. Timmer, C. A. Guzman, V. Nizet, G. S. Chhatwal, and M. J. Walker Opacity Factor Activity and Epithelial Cell Binding by the Serum Opacity Factor Protein of Streptococcus pyogenes Are Functionally Discrete J. Biol. Chem., March 7, 2008; 283(10): 6359 - 6366. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Attali, C. Frolet, C. Durmort, J. Offant, T. Vernet, and A. M. Di Guilmi Streptococcus pneumoniae Choline-Binding Protein E Interaction with Plasminogen/Plasmin Stimulates Migration across the Extracellular Matrix Infect. Immun., February 1, 2008; 76(2): 466 - 476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Severin, E. Nickbarg, J. Wooters, S. A. Quazi, Y. V. Matsuka, E. Murphy, I. K. Moutsatsos, R. J. Zagursky, and S. B. Olmsted Proteomic Analysis and Identification of Streptococcus pyogenes Surface-Associated Proteins J. Bacteriol., March 1, 2007; 189(5): 1514 - 1522. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Zhang, K. A. Kernan, S. J. Collins, X. Cai, J. M. Lopez-Guisa, J. L. Degen, Y. Shvil, and A. A. Eddy Plasmin(ogen) Promotes Renal Interstitial Fibrosis by Promoting Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition: Role of Plasmin-Activated Signals J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., March 1, 2007; 18(3): 846 - 859. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Sun The interaction between pathogens and the host coagulation system. Physiology, August 1, 2006; 21: 281 - 288. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Terao, M. Yamaguchi, S. Hamada, and S. Kawabata Multifunctional Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase of Streptococcus pyogenes Is Essential for Evasion from Neutrophils J. Biol. Chem., May 19, 2006; 281(20): 14215 - 14223. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. N. Cole, R. D. Ramirez, B. J. Currie, S. J. Cordwell, S. P. Djordjevic, and M. J. Walker Surface Analyses and Immune Reactivities of Major Cell Wall-Associated Proteins of Group A Streptococcus Infect. Immun., May 1, 2005; 73(5): 3137 - 3146. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Maeda, H. Nagata, M. Kuboniwa, K. Kataoka, N. Nishida, M. Tanaka, and S. Shizukuishi Characterization of Binding of Streptococcus oralis Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase to Porphyromonas gingivalis Major Fimbriae Infect. Immun., September 1, 2004; 72(9): 5475 - 5477. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Yoshizawa, K. Yamakami, M. Fujino, T. Oda, K. Tamura, K. Matsumoto, T. Sugisaki, and M. D.P. Boyle Nephritis-Associated Plasmin Receptor and Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis: Characterization of the Antigen and Associated Immune Response J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2004; 15(7): 1785 - 1793. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Derbise, Y. P. Song, S. Parikh, V. A. Fischetti, and V. Pancholi Role of the C-Terminal Lysine Residues of Streptococcal Surface Enolase in Glu- and Lys-Plasminogen-Binding Activities of Group A Streptococci Infect. Immun., January 1, 2004; 72(1): 94 - 105. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M.-C. Jobin, J. Brassard, S. Quessy, M. Gottschalk, and D. Grenier Acquisition of Host Plasmin Activity by the Swine Pathogen Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 Infect. Immun., January 1, 2004; 72(1): 606 - 610. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. R. Amezaga, P. E. Carter, P. Cash, and H. McKenzie Molecular Epidemiology of Erythromycin Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates from Blood and Noninvasive Sites J. Clin. Microbiol., September 1, 2002; 40(9): 3313 - 3318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. L. Delgado, J. E. O’Connor, I. Azorín, J. Renau-Piqueras, M. L. Gil, and D. Gozalbo The glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase polypeptides encoded by the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TDH1, TDH2 and TDH3 genes are also cell wall proteins Microbiology, February 1, 2001; 147(2): 411 - 417. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				B. Lei, S. Mackie, S. Lukomski, and J. M. Musser Identification and Immunogenicity of Group A Streptococcus Culture Supernatant Proteins Infect. Immun., December 1, 2000; 68(12): 6807 - 6818. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. W. Cunningham Pathogenesis of Group A Streptococcal Infections Clin. Microbiol. Rev., July 1, 2000; 13(3): 470 - 511. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Monroy, A. Amador, B. Ruiz, P. Espinoza-Cueto, W. Xolalpa, R. Mancilla, and C. Espitia Binding and Activation of Human Plasminogen by Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infect. Immun., July 1, 2000; 68(7): 4327 - 4330. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Modun and P. Williams The Staphylococcal Transferrin-Binding Protein Is a Cell Wall Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Infect. Immun., March 1, 1999; 67(3): 1086 - 1092. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Pancholi and V. A. Fischetti alpha -Enolase, a Novel Strong Plasmin(ogen) Binding Protein on the Surface of Pathogenic Streptococci J. Biol. Chem., June 5, 1998; 273(23): 14503 - 14515. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Gozalbo, I. Gil-Navarro, I. Azorin, J. Renau-Piqueras, J. P. Martinez, and M. L. Gil The Cell Wall-Associated Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase of Candida albicans Is Also a Fibronectin and Laminin Binding Protein Infect. Immun., May 1, 1998; 66(5): 2052 - 2059. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. L. Chaffin, J. L. Lopez-Ribot, M. Casanova, D. Gozalbo, and J. P. Martinez Cell Wall and Secreted Proteins of Candida albicans: Identification, Function, and Expression Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., March 1, 1998; 62(1): 130 - 180. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. P. Martinez, M. L. Gil, J. L. Lopez-Ribot, and W. L. Chaffin Serologic Response to Cell Wall Mannoproteins and Proteins of Candida albicans Clin. Microbiol. Rev., January 1, 1998; 11(1): 121 - 141. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. B. Hawley, T.-a. Tamura, and L. A. Miles Purification, Cloning, and Characterization of a Profibrinolytic Plasminogen-binding Protein, TIP49a J. Biol. Chem., January 5, 2001; 276(1): 179 - 186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]