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Microbiology 144 (1998), 2555-2561; DOI  10.1099/00221287-144-9-2555
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Bacillus subtilis genes for the utilization of sulfur from aliphatic sulfonates

Jan R. van der Ploeg1,*, Nicola J. Cummings2, Thomas Leisinger1 and Ian F. Connerton2

Mikrobiologisches Institut, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH-Zentrum, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
Institute of Food Research, Department of Food Macromolecular Science, Reading Laboratory, Earley Gate, Whiteknights Road, Reading RG6 6BZ, UK

ABSTRACT

A 5 kb region upstream of katA at 82°G on the Bacillus subtilis chromosome contains five ORFs organized in an operon-like structure. Based on sequence similarity, three of the ORFs are likely to encode an ABC transport system (ssuBAC) and another to encode a monooxygenase (ssuD). The deduced amino acid sequence of the last ORF (ygaN) shows no similarity to any known protein. B. subtilis can utilize a range of aliphatic sulfonates such as alkanesulfonates, taurine, isethionate and sulfoacetate as a source of sulfur, but not when ssuA and ssuC are disrupted by insertion of a neomycin-resistance gene. Utilization of aliphatic sulfonates was not affected in a strain lacking 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) sulfotransferase, indicating that sulfate is not an intermediate in the assimilation of sulfonate-sulfur. Sulfate or cysteine prevented expression of β-galactosidase from a transcriptional ssuD::IacZ fusion. It is proposed that ssuBACD encode a system for ATP-dependent transport of alkanesulfonates and an oxygenase required for their desulfonation.

*Author for correspondence: Jan R. van der Ploeg. Tel: +41 1 6323332. Fax: +41 1 6321148.


Keywords: sulfonate, sulfate starvation, Bacillus subtilis, cysteine biosynthesis, ABC transporter




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