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Molecular Genetics of Streptomycetes |
School of Pharmacy1 and Department of Bacteriology2, University of Wisconsin, 425 N. Charter St, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Bioprocess Research, Central Research Division, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT 06340, USA3
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Institute for Structural Biology and Drug Discovery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA4
Author for correspondence: C. Richard Hutchinson. Tel: +1 608 262 7582. Fax: +1 608 262 3134. e-mail: crhutchi{at}facstaff.wisc.edu
The cloning, using a PCR approach, of genes from both Streptomyces coelicolor and Streptomyces avermitilis encoding an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (AcdH), putatively involved in the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids, is reported. The deduced amino acid sequences of both genes have a high similarity to prokaryotic and eukaryotic short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases. When the S. coelicolor and S. avermitilis acyl-CoA dehydrogenase genes (acdH) were expressed in Escherichia coli, each of the AcdH flavoproteins was able to oxidize the branched-chain acyl-CoA derivatives isobutyryl-CoA, isovaleryl-CoA and cyclohexylcarbonyl-CoA, as well as the short straight-chain acyl-CoAs n-butyryl-CoA and n-valeryl-CoA in vitro. NMR spectral data confirmed that the oxidized product of isobutyryl-CoA is methacrylyl-CoA, which is the expected product at the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase step in the catabolism of valine in streptomycetes. Disruption of the S. avermitilis acdH produced a mutant unable to grow on solid minimal medium containing valine, isoleucine or leucine as sole carbon sources. Feeding studies with 13C triple-labelled isobutyrate revealed a significant decrease in the incorporation of label into the methylmalonyl-CoA-derived positions of avermectin in the acdH mutant. In contrast the mutation did not affect incorporation into the malonyl-CoA-derived positions of avermectin. These results are consistent with the acdH gene encoding an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase with a broad substrate specificity that has a role in the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids in S. coelicolor and S. avermitilis.
Keywords: avermectin, branched-chain amino acids, isotope labelling
Abbreviations: AcdH, the specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenases produced by S. avermitilis and S. coelicolor; AD, any other acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; PMS, phenazine methosulfate
The GenBank accession numbers for the sequences described in this paper are AF142581 (Streptomyces coelicolor) and AF143210 (Streptomyces avermitilis).
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