| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Pseudomonas: Biology and Diversity |
Molecular Microbial Ecology Group, Department of Microbiology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark1
Department of Mathematical Modelling, The Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark2
Author for correspondence: Søren Molin. Tel: +45 45 25 25 13. Fax: +45 45 88 73 28. e-mail: imsm{at}pop.dtu.dk
The structural organization of four microbial communities was analysed by a novel computer program, COMSTAT, which comprises ten features for quantifying three-dimensional biofilm image stacks. Monospecies biofilms of each of the four bacteria, Pseudomonas putida, P. aureofaciens, P. fluorescens and P. aeruginosa, tagged with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) were grown in flow chambers with a defined minimal medium as substrate. Analysis by the COMSTAT program of four variables describing biofilm structure – mean thickness, roughness, substratum coverage and surface to volume ratio – showed that the four Pseudomonas strains represent different modes of biofilm growth. P. putida had a unique developmental pattern starting with single cells on the substratum growing into micro-colonies, which were eventually succeeded by long filaments and elongated cell clusters. P. aeruginosa colonized the entire substratum, and formed flat, uniform biofilms. P. aureofaciens resembled P. aeruginosa, but had a stronger tendency to form micro-colonies. Finally, the biofilm structures of P. fluorescens had a phenotype intermediate between those of P. putida and P. aureofaciens. Analysis of biofilms of P. aureofaciens growing on 0·03 mM, 0·1 mM or 0·5 mM citrate minimal media showed that mean biofilm thickness increased with increasing citrate concentration. Moreover, biofilm roughness increased with lower citrate concentrations, whereas surface to volume ratio increased with higher citrate concentrations.
Keywords: Pseudomonas, biofilm structure, image analysis, quantification, COMSTAT
Abbreviations: CSLM, confocal scanning laser microscopy; GFP, green fluorescent protein
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M. Kvist, V. Hancock, and P. Klemm Inactivation of Efflux Pumps Abolishes Bacterial Biofilm Formation Appl. Envir. Microbiol., December 1, 2008; 74(23): 7376 - 7382. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. May and S. Okabe Escherichia coli Harboring a Natural IncF Conjugative F Plasmid Develops Complex Mature Biofilms by Stimulating Synthesis of Colanic Acid and Curli J. Bacteriol., November 15, 2008; 190(22): 7479 - 7490. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Beyhan, L. S. Odell, and F. H. Yildiz Identification and Characterization of Cyclic Diguanylate Signaling Systems Controlling Rugosity in Vibrio cholerae J. Bacteriol., November 15, 2008; 190(22): 7392 - 7405. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Behlau and M. S. Gilmore Microbial Biofilms in Ophthalmology and Infectious Disease Arch Ophthalmol, November 1, 2008; 126(11): 1572 - 1581. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. C. N. Fong and F. H. Yildiz Interplay between Cyclic AMP-Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein and Cyclic di-GMP Signaling in Vibrio cholerae Biofilm Formation J. Bacteriol., October 15, 2008; 190(20): 6646 - 6659. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Benkert, N. Quack, K. Schreiber, L. Jaensch, D. Jahn, and M. Schobert Nitrate-responsive NarX-NarL represses arginine-mediated induction of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa arginine fermentation arcDABC operon Microbiology, October 1, 2008; 154(10): 3053 - 3060. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Yawata, N. Nomura, and H. Uchiyama Development of a Novel Biofilm Continuous Culture Method for Simultaneous Assessment of Architecture and Gaseous Metabolite Production Appl. Envir. Microbiol., September 1, 2008; 74(17): 5429 - 5435. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. C. Thomas, L. R. Thurlow, D. Boyle, and L. E. Hancock Regulation of Autolysis-Dependent Extracellular DNA Release by Enterococcus faecalis Extracellular Proteases Influences Biofilm Development J. Bacteriol., August 15, 2008; 190(16): 5690 - 5698. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. H. L. Lim, C. E. Jones, R. N. vanden Hoven, J. L. Edwards, M. L. Falsetta, M. A. Apicella, M. P. Jennings, and A. G. McEwan Metal Binding Specificity of the MntABC Permease of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Its Influence on Bacterial Growth and Interaction with Cervical Epithelial Cells Infect. Immun., August 1, 2008; 76(8): 3569 - 3576. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Moreau-Marquis, J. M. Bomberger, G. G. Anderson, A. Swiatecka-Urban, S. Ye, G. A. O'Toole, and B. A. Stanton The {Delta}F508-CFTR mutation results in increased biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa by increasing iron availability Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, July 1, 2008; 295(1): L25 - L37. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Vejborg and P. Klemm Blocking of Bacterial Biofilm Formation by a Fish Protein Coating Appl. Envir. Microbiol., June 1, 2008; 74(11): 3551 - 3558. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Yang, Q. Ma, and T. K. Wood The R1 Conjugative Plasmid Increases Escherichia coli Biofilm Formation through an Envelope Stress Response Appl. Envir. Microbiol., May 1, 2008; 74(9): 2690 - 2699. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. B. R. Ferreira, L. C. M. Antunes, E. P. Greenberg, and L. L. McCarter Vibrio parahaemolyticus ScrC Modulates Cyclic Dimeric GMP Regulation of Gene Expression Relevant to Growth on Surfaces J. Bacteriol., February 1, 2008; 190(3): 851 - 860. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Hancock, L. Ferrieres, and P. Klemm The ferric yersiniabactin uptake receptor FyuA is required for efficient biofilm formation by urinary tract infectious Escherichia coli in human urine Microbiology, January 1, 2008; 154(1): 167 - 175. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. D. Starner, J. D. Shrout, M. R. Parsek, P. C. Appelbaum, and G. Kim Subinhibitory Concentrations of Azithromycin Decrease Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Biofilm Formation and Diminish Established Biofilms Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., January 1, 2008; 52(1): 137 - 145. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Hong, B. Pang, S. West-Barnette, and W. E. Swords Phosphorylcholine Expression by Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Correlates with Maturation of Biofilm Communities In Vitro and In Vivo J. Bacteriol., November 15, 2007; 189(22): 8300 - 8307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. P. Sloan, C. F. Love, N. Sukumar, M. Mishra, and R. Deora The Bordetella Bps Polysaccharide Is Critical for Biofilm Development in the Mouse Respiratory Tract J. Bacteriol., November 15, 2007; 189(22): 8270 - 8276. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Sandal, W. Hong, W. E. Swords, and T. J. Inzana Characterization and Comparison of Biofilm Development by Pathogenic and Commensal Isolates of Histophilus somni J. Bacteriol., November 15, 2007; 189(22): 8179 - 8185. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Kirisits, J. J. Margolis, B. L. Purevdorj-Gage, B. Vaughan, D. L. Chopp, P. Stoodley, and M. R. Parsek Influence of the Hydrodynamic Environment on Quorum Sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms J. Bacteriol., November 15, 2007; 189(22): 8357 - 8360. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. M. Merritt, T. Danhorn, and C. Fuqua Motility and Chemotaxis in Agrobacterium tumefaciens Surface Attachment and Biofilm Formation J. Bacteriol., November 15, 2007; 189(22): 8005 - 8014. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Paramonova, E. D. de Jong, B. P. Krom, H. C. van der Mei, H. J. Busscher, and P. K. Sharma Low-Load Compression Testing: a Novel Way of Measuring Biofilm Thickness Appl. Envir. Microbiol., November 1, 2007; 73(21): 7023 - 7028. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Lequette, E. Rollet, A. Delangle, E. P. Greenberg, and J.-P. Bohin Linear osmoregulated periplasmic glucans are encoded by the opgGH locus of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Microbiology, October 1, 2007; 153(10): 3255 - 3263. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. V. Lynch, L. Dixon, M. R. Benoit, E. L. Brodie, M. Keyhan, P. Hu, D. F. Ackerley, G. L. Andersen, and A. Matin Role of the rapA Gene in Controlling Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli Biofilms Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., October 1, 2007; 51(10): 3650 - 3658. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.-L. Huang, S. Dobretsov, H. Xiong, and P.-Y. Qian Effect of Biofilm Formation by Pseudoalteromonas spongiae on Induction of Larval Settlement of the Polychaete Hydroides elegans Appl. Envir. Microbiol., October 1, 2007; 73(19): 6284 - 6288. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Shao, R. J. Lamont, and D. R. Demuth Autoinducer 2 Is Required for Biofilm Growth of Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans Infect. Immun., September 1, 2007; 75(9): 4211 - 4218. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Schaber, W. J. Triffo, S. J. Suh, J. W. Oliver, M. C. Hastert, J. A. Griswold, M. Auer, A. N. Hamood, and K. P. Rumbaugh Pseudomonas aeruginosa Forms Biofilms in Acute Infection Independent of Cell-to-Cell Signaling Infect. Immun., August 1, 2007; 75(8): 3715 - 3721. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. T. Merod, J. E. Warren, H. McCaslin, and S. Wuertz Toward Automated Analysis of Biofilm Architecture: Bias Caused by Extraneous Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Images Appl. Envir. Microbiol., August 1, 2007; 73(15): 4922 - 4930. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. K. Hansen, J. A. J. Haagensen, M. Gjermansen, T. M. Jorgensen, T. Tolker-Nielsen, and S. Molin Characterization of a Pseudomonas putida Rough Variant Evolved in a Mixed-Species Biofilm with Acinetobacter sp. Strain C6 J. Bacteriol., July 1, 2007; 189(13): 4932 - 4943. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Hou, E. A. Burton, K. A. Simon, D. Blodgett, Y.-Y. Luk, and D. Ren Inhibition of Escherichia coli Biofilm Formation by Self-Assembled Monolayers of Functional Alkanethiols on Gold Appl. Envir. Microbiol., July 1, 2007; 73(13): 4300 - 4307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Lee, T. Bansal, A. Jayaraman, W. E. Bentley, and T. K. Wood Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Biofilms Are Inhibited by 7-Hydroxyindole and Stimulated by Isatin Appl. Envir. Microbiol., July 1, 2007; 73(13): 4100 - 4109. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A. Schaber, A. Hammond, N. L. Carty, S. C. Williams, J. A. Colmer-Hamood, B. H. Burrowes, V. Dhevan, J. A. Griswold, and A. N. Hamood Diversity of biofilms produced by quorum-sensing-deficient clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa J. Med. Microbiol., June 1, 2007; 56(6): 738 - 748. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Ishida, T. Ikeda, N. Takiguchi, A. Kuroda, H. Ohtake, and J. Kato Inhibition of Quorum Sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by N-Acyl Cyclopentylamides Appl. Envir. Microbiol., May 15, 2007; 73(10): 3183 - 3188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. C. Rice, E. E. Mann, J. L. Endres, E. C. Weiss, J. E. Cassat, M. S. Smeltzer, and K. W. Bayles The cidA murein hydrolase regulator contributes to DNA release and biofilm development in Staphylococcus aureus PNAS, May 8, 2007; 104(19): 8113 - 8118. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Yang, K. B. Barken, M. E. Skindersoe, A. B. Christensen, M. Givskov, and T. Tolker-Nielsen Effects of iron on DNA release and biofilm development by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Microbiology, May 1, 2007; 153(5): 1318 - 1328. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. C. N. Fong and F. H. Yildiz The rbmBCDEF Gene Cluster Modulates Development of Rugose Colony Morphology and Biofilm Formation in Vibrio cholerae J. Bacteriol., March 15, 2007; 189(6): 2319 - 2330. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Parise, M. Mishra, Y. Itoh, T. Romeo, and R. Deora Role of a Putative Polysaccharide Locus in Bordetella Biofilm Development J. Bacteriol., February 1, 2007; 189(3): 750 - 760. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Ma, K. D. Jackson, R. M. Landry, M. R. Parsek, and D. J. Wozniak Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Conditional Psl Variants Reveals Roles for the Psl Polysaccharide in Adhesion and Maintaining Biofilm Structure Postattachment J. Bacteriol., December 1, 2006; 188(23): 8213 - 8221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M. Pang and W.-T. Liu Biological Filtration Limits Carbon Availability and Affects Downstream Biofilm Formation and Community Structure Appl. Envir. Microbiol., September 1, 2006; 72(9): 5702 - 5712. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. E. Searcy, A. I. Packman, E. R. Atwill, and T. Harter Capture and Retention of Cryptosporidium parvum Oocysts by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms Appl. Envir. Microbiol., September 1, 2006; 72(9): 6242 - 6247. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Mai-Prochnow, J. S. Webb, B. C. Ferrari, and S. Kjelleberg Ecological Advantages of Autolysis during the Development and Dispersal of Pseudoalteromonas tunicata Biofilms Appl. Envir. Microbiol., August 1, 2006; 72(8): 5414 - 5420. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. M. Junker, J. E. Peters, and A. G. Hay Global analysis of candidate genes important for fitness in a competitive biofilm using DNA-array-based transposon mapping. Microbiology, August 1, 2006; 152(Pt 8): 2233 - 2245. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. D. Starner, N. Zhang, G. Kim, M. A. Apicella, and P. B. McCray Jr. Haemophilus influenzae Forms Biofilms on Airway Epithelia: Implications in Cystic Fibrosis Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., July 15, 2006; 174(2): 213 - 220. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. A. O'Connell, G. S. Kottkamp, J. L. Eppelbaum, B. A. Stubblefield, S. E. Gilbert, and E. S. Gilbert Influences of biofilm structure and antibiotic resistance mechanisms on indirect pathogenicity in a model polymicrobial biofilm. Appl. Envir. Microbiol., July 1, 2006; 72(7): 5013 - 5019. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. G. Moreira, K. Palmer, M. Whiteley, M. P. Sircili, L. R. Trabulsi, A. F. P. Castro, and V. Sperandio Bundle-Forming Pili and EspA Are Involved in Biofilm Formation by Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli J. Bacteriol., June 1, 2006; 188(11): 3952 - 3961. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Beyhan, A. D. Tischler, A. Camilli, and F. H. Yildiz Transcriptome and Phenotypic Responses of Vibrio cholerae to Increased Cyclic di-GMP Level. J. Bacteriol., May 1, 2006; 188(10): 3600 - 3613. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Domka, J. Lee, and T. K. Wood YliH (BssR) and YceP (BssS) Regulate Escherichia coli K-12 Biofilm Formation by Influencing Cell Signaling Appl. Envir. Microbiol., April 1, 2006; 72(4): 2449 - 2459. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Roldan, F. Oliva, M. A. Gonzalez del Valle, C. Saiz-Jimenez, and M. Hernandez-Marine Does Green Light Influence the Fluorescence Properties and Structure of Phototrophic Biofilms? Appl. Envir. Microbiol., April 1, 2006; 72(4): 3026 - 3031. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. M. Thormann, S. Duttler, R. M. Saville, M. Hyodo, S. Shukla, Y. Hayakawa, and A. M. Spormann Control of Formation and Cellular Detachment from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Biofilms by Cyclic di-GMP. J. Bacteriol., April 1, 2006; 188(7): 2681 - 2691. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. An, T. Danhorn, C. Fuqua, and M. R. Parsek Quorum sensing and motility mediate interactions between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Agrobacterium tumefaciens in biofilm cocultures. PNAS, March 7, 2006; 103(10): 3828 - 3833. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. C. N. Fong, K. Karplus, G. K. Schoolnik, and F. H. Yildiz Identification and Characterization of RbmA, a Novel Protein Required for the Development of Rugose Colony Morphology and Biofilm Structure in Vibrio cholerae J. Bacteriol., February 1, 2006; 188(3): 1049 - 1059. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Herzberg, I. K. Kaye, W. Peti, and T. K. Wood YdgG (TqsA) Controls Biofilm Formation in Escherichia coli K-12 through Autoinducer 2 Transport J. Bacteriol., January 15, 2006; 188(2): 587 - 598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Schreiber, N. Boes, M. Eschbach, L. Jaensch, J. Wehland, T. Bjarnsholt, M. Givskov, M. Hentzer, and M. Schobert Anaerobic Survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Pyruvate Fermentation Requires an Usp-Type Stress Protein J. Bacteriol., January 15, 2006; 188(2): 659 - 668. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. F. Gonzalez Barrios, R. Zuo, Y. Hashimoto, L. Yang, W. E. Bentley, and T. K. Wood Autoinducer 2 Controls Biofilm Formation in Escherichia coli through a Novel Motility Quorum-Sensing Regulator (MqsR, B3022) J. Bacteriol., January 1, 2006; 188(1): 305 - 316. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Dechesne, C. Pallud, F. Bertolla, and G. L. Grundmann Impact of the Microscale Distribution of a Pseudomonas Strain Introduced into Soil on Potential Contacts with Indigenous Bacteria Appl. Envir. Microbiol., December 1, 2005; 71(12): 8123 - 8131. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Norris, M. Noble, I. Francolini, A. M. Vinogradov, P. S. Stewart, B. D. Ratner, J. W. Costerton, and P. Stoodley Ultrasonically Controlled Release of Ciprofloxacin from Self-Assembled Coatings on Poly(2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Hydrogels for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Prevention Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., October 1, 2005; 49(10): 4272 - 4279. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Gillis, K. G. White, K.-H. Choi, V. E. Wagner, H. P. Schweizer, and B. H. Iglewski Molecular Basis of Azithromycin-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., September 1, 2005; 49(9): 3858 - 3867. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. A. Castillo-Gonzalez and M. A. Bruns Dissimilatory Iron Reduction and Odor Indicator Abatement by Biofilm Communities in Swine Manure Microcosms Appl. Envir. Microbiol., September 1, 2005; 71(9): 4972 - 4978. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. M. Tendolkar, A. S. Baghdayan, and N. Shankar The N-Terminal Domain of Enterococcal Surface Protein, Esp, Is Sufficient for Esp-Mediated Biofilm Enhancement in Enterococcus faecalis J. Bacteriol., September 1, 2005; 187(17): 6213 - 6222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. L. Palmer, L. M. Mashburn, P. K. Singh, and M. Whiteley Cystic Fibrosis Sputum Supports Growth and Cues Key Aspects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Physiology J. Bacteriol., August 1, 2005; 187(15): 5267 - 5277. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Ren, R. Zuo, A. F. Gonzalez Barrios, L. A. Bedzyk, G. R. Eldridge, M. E. Pasmore, and T. K. Wood Differential Gene Expression for Investigation of Escherichia coli Biofilm Inhibition by Plant Extract Urso |
