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Microbiology 146 (2000), 345-352
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Microbiology (2000), 146, 345-352.
© 2000 Society for General Microbiology

Genetics and Molecular Biology

A novel valanimycin-resistance determinant (vlmF) from Streptomyces viridifaciens MG456-hF10

Yunqing Ma1, Jaynish Patel1 and Ronald J. Parry1

Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston,TX 77005-1892, USA1

Author for correspondence: Ronald J. Parry. Tel: +1 713 527 8101 ext. 2446. Fax: +1 713 285 5155. e-mail: parry{at}rice.edu

A novel valanimycin-resistance determinant (vlmF) was isolated from a cosmid containing Streptomyces viridifaciens DNA that leads to valanimycin production in Streptomyces lividans. Expression of the vlmF gene in both Escherichia coli and S. lividans provided valanimycin resistance. The nucleotide sequence of vlmF consists of 1206 bp and the deduced amino acid sequence encodes a polypeptide with 12 putative transmembrane-spanning segments and a calculated pI of 10·1. VlmF shows significant similarities to other known or putative transmembrane efflux proteins that confer antibiotic resistance, but it appears to be specific for valanimycin. The sequence similarities suggest that VlmF is a member of the DHA12 family within the major facilitator superfamily of transport proteins and that it is probably involved in active valanimycin efflux energized by a proton-dependent electrochemical gradient.

Keywords: Streptomyces, antibiotic, resistance, valanimycin

The GenBank accession number for the sequence in this paper is AF148322.




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