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Genetics and Molecular Biology |
Departments of Microbiology, and Food Science and Technology, and National Food Biotechnology Centre, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland1
Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Viande2 and Laboratoire de Génétique Microbienne3, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Domaine de Vilvert, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France
Author for correspondence: Douwe van Sinderen. Tel: +353 21 902811. Fax: +353 21 903101. e-mail: douwe{at}ucc.ie
The genetic elements specifying six putative two-component regulatory systems (2CSs) were identified on the chromosome of Lactococcus lactis MG1363. These 2CSs appear to represent distinct loci, each containing a histidine kinase and response-regulator-encoding gene pair. Transcriptional analysis of the six 2CSs was performed either by generating transcriptional fusions to a reporter gene or by primer extension. Two of the systems appeared to be expressed constitutively at a high level, whilst the remaining four exhibited growth-phase-dependent expression. Insertional mutagenesis established that the two constitutively expressed 2CSs are necessary for normal cell growth and/or survival. Mutational analysis of the remaining four systems revealed that they are implicated in susceptibility to extreme pH, osmotic or oxidative conditions, or the regulation of phosphatase activity in L. lactis.
Keywords: Lactococcus lactis, signal transduction, response regulator, two-component regulatory systems, histidine protein kinase
Abbreviations: 2CS, two-component system; HPK, histidine protein kinase; RR, response regulator
The GenBank accession numbers for the sequences of the six 2CSs and surrounding ORFs determined in this work are AF172649, AF176556, AF178425, AF172650, AF176557 and AF176809 for systems A–F, respectively.
a Present address: Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
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