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Fruiting body development in Coprinus cinereus: regulated expression of two galectins secreted by a non-classical pathway

Institut für Mikrobiologie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Schmelzbergstrasse 7,CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland¹
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2WO Canada²

Author for correspondence: Ursula Kües. Tel: +41 1 632 4925. Fax: +41 1 632 1148. e-mail: kues{at}micro.biol.ethz.ch

Fruiting body formation in the basidiomycete Coprinus cinereus is a developmental process that occurs as a response of the mycelium to external stimuli. First, localized, highly branched hyphal structures (knots) are formed as a reaction to nutritional depletion. Hyphal-knot formation is repressed by light; however, light signals are essential for the development of the hyphal knot into an embryonic fruiting body (primordium) as well as karyogamy, meiosis and fruiting body maturation. The role of the different environmental signals in the initial phases of fruiting body development was analysed. It was observed that two fungal galectins, Cgl1 and Cgl2, are differentially regulated during fruiting body formation. cgl2 expression initiated in early stages of fruiting body development (hyphal knot formation) and was maintained until maturation of the fruiting body, whereas cgl1 was specifically expressed in primordia and mature fruiting bodies. Immunofluorescence and immuno-electron microscopy studies detected galectins within specific fruiting body tissues. They localized in the extracellular matrix and the cell wall but also in membrane-bound bodies in the cytoplasm. Heterologous expression of Cgl2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae indicated that secretion of this protein occurred independently of the classical secretory pathway.

Keywords: basidiomycete, Coprinus, fruiting body, galectin, secretion

Abbreviations: ECM, extracellular matrix

The GenBank accession number for the sequence reported in this paper is AF130360

^a Present address: Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

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