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Microbiology 146 (2000), 2291-2307
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Microbiology (2000), 146, 2291-2307.
© 2000 Society for General Microbiology

Systematics and Evolution

Genetic variation of dTDP-L-rhamnose pathway genes in Salmonella enterica

Qun Li1 and Peter R. Reeves1

Department of Microbiology (G08), University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia1

Author for correspondence: Peter R. Reeves. Tel: +612 9351 2536. Fax: +612 9351 4571. e-mail: reeves{at}angis.usyd.edu.au

The genetic variation in the dTDP-L-rhamnose pathway gene set (rmlB, rmlD, rmlA, rmlC) in Salmonella enterica was examined after sequencing the four genes from 11 rml-containing gene clusters encoding seven O antigens, and a 903 bp rmlB segment from another 23 strains representing the seven subspecies. There was considerable sequence variation and strong polarity in the nature and level of variation among rml genes. The 5' end of the rml gene set, including rmlB, rmlD and most of rmlA, is in general subspecies specific. In contrast, the 3' end, including part of rmlA and all of rmlC, is O antigen specific. The G+C content of the 3' end is lower than that of the 5' end. The variation in the 3' end of the gene set is much greater than that of the 5' end. It is apparent that the rml gene set of S. enterica includes genes with two different evolutionary histories. In addition, there has been extensive recombination in the gene set, probably related to O antigen transfer between subspecies. These findings provide evidence for the lateral transfer of O antigen genes between species and among subspecies of S. enterica. The results have also shown that conserved genes at the end of an O antigen gene cluster play a major role in mediating exchange of the central serogroup-specific regions.

Keywords: rml genes, rhamnose pathway, Salmonella enterica, lateral gene transfer

Abbreviations: CPS, capsular polysaccharide

The GenBank accession numbers for the sequences reported in this paper are AF279615–AF279625 for the rml gene sets and AF279626–AF279648 for the rmlB gene fragments.




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