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Genetic diversity of Pasteurella multocida fowl cholera isolates as demonstrated by ribotyping and 16S rRNA and partial atpD sequence comparisons

Department of Veterinary Microbiology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 4 Stigbøljen, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark¹

Author for correspondence: Kamille D. Petersen. Tel: +45 70260096. Fax: +45 70260097. e-mail: madsogkamille{at}mobilixnet.dk

The genetic diversity of Pasteurella multocida, the aetiological agent of fowl cholera, was investigated. The strain collection comprised 69 clinical isolates representing a wide spectrum of hosts and geographic origin. The three type strains for the subspecies of P. multocida were also included. Avian isolates of P. multocida subsp. multocida and P. multocida subsp. septica did not represent separate lines by HpaII ribotyping and the two type strains of mammalian origin (porcine and cat bite) seemed to be representative of avian strains of P. multocida subspp. multocida and septica. By ribotyping, all P. multocida subsp. gallicida strains, except one chicken isolate and the type strain, clustered together. This indicated that the bovine type strain was not representative of this subspecies and that most strains of P. multocida subsp. gallicida are genetically related and may be distantly related to other P. multocida isolates, including those of avian origin. By 16S rRNA and atpD sequence comparisons of selected strains, including both P. multocida isolated from birds and mammals and selected distantly related Pasteurella species associated with birds and mammals, it was found that P. multocida is monophyletic. Extended DNA–DNA hybridizations are highly indicated since strains may exist which would connect the existing subspecies at species level. The considerable genetic diversity of P. multocida fowl cholera isolates is probably related to the clonal nature of this organism, resulting in many divergent lines.

Keywords: phylogeny, ATP synthase, clonal lines, evolution, aetiology

Abbreviations: MLEE, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis

The GenBank accession numbers for the 16S rRNA sequences of strain HIM 830-7^T (NCTC 10204^T) and 77179 of P. multocida subsp. gallicida and HIM 746-6^T (NCTC 11619^T) of P. multocida subsp. septica are AF326323, AF326324 and AF326325, respectively; those for the atpD nucleotide sequences are in Fig. 3.

^a Present address: Cureon A/S, Fruebjergvej 3, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

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