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Microbiology 148 (2002), 267-276
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Microbiology (2002), 148, 267-276.
© 2002 Society for General Microbiology

Research Paper

Quantitative speciation of sulfur in bacterial sulfur globules: X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals at least three different species of sulfur

Alexander Prange1, Reinhold Chauvistré2, Hartwig Modrow2, Josef Hormesa,2, Hans G. Trüper1 and Christiane Dahl1

Institut für Mikrobiologie & Biotechnologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 168, D-53115 Bonn, Germany1
Physikalisches Institut, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Nußallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany2

Author for correspondence: Christiane Dahl,b. Tel: +49 228 732119. Fax: +49 228 737576. e-mail: ChDahl@uni-bonn.de

X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy at the sulfur K-edge was applied to probe the speciation of sulfur of metabolically different sulfur-accumulating bacteria in situ. Fitting the spectra using a least-square fitting routine XANES reveals at least three different forms of sulfur in bacterial sulfur globules. Cyclooctasulfur dominates in the sulfur globules of Beggiatoa alba and the very recently described giant bacterium Thiomargarita namibiensis. A second type of sulfur globules is present in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans: here the sulfur occurs as polythionates. In contrast, in purple and green sulfur bacteria the sulfur mainly consists of sulfur chains, irrespective of whether it is accumulated in globules inside or outside the cells. These results indicate that the speciation of sulfur in the sulfur globules reflects the different ecological and physiological properties of different metabolic groups of bacteria.

Keywords: XANES, sulfur K-edge, quantitative analysis, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, sulfur globules

Abbreviations: XANES, X-ray absorption near edge structure

a Present address: The John Bennett Johnston, Sr Center for Advanced Microstructures & Devices (CAMD), Louisiana State University, 6980 Jefferson Highway, Baton Rouge, LA 70806, USA.

b Correspondence on the physical aspects of the work should be sent to Hartwig Modrow (Tel: +49 228 733203. Fax: +49 228 737869. e-mail: Modrow{at}physik.uni-bonn.de).




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