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Microbiology (2002), 148, 923-932.
© 2002 Society for General Microbiology

Research Paper

Genetically programmed autoinducer destruction reduces virulence gene expression and swarming motility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1

Cornelia Reimmann1, Nathalie Ginet1, Laurent Michel1, Christoph Keel1, Patrick Michaux1, Viji Krishnapillaia,1, Marcello Zala2, Karin Heurlier1, Karine Triandafillu3, Hauke Harms3, Geneviève Défago2 and Dieter Haas1

Laboratoire de Biologie Microbienne, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland1
Institut für Pflanzenwissenschaften/Phytopathologie, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland2
IATE-Pédologie, EPFL, CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland3

Author for correspondence: Cornelia Reimmann. Tel: +41 21 692 56 32. Fax: +41 21 692 56 35. e-mail: Cornelia.Reimmann{at}lbm.unil.ch

Virulence in the opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is controlled by cell density via diffusible signalling molecules (‘autoinducers’) of the N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) type. Two Bacillus sp. isolates (A23 and A24) with AHL-degrading activity were identified among a large collection of rhizosphere bacteria. From isolate A24 a gene was cloned which was similar to the aiiA gene, encoding an AHL lactonase in another Bacillus strain. Expression of the aiiA homologue from isolate A24 in P. aeruginosa PAO1 reduced the amount of the quorum sensing signal N-oxododecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone and completely prevented the accumulation of the second AHL signal, N-butyryl-L-homoserine lactone. This strongly reduced AHL content correlated with a markedly decreased expression and production of several virulence factors and cytotoxic compounds such as elastase, rhamnolipids, hydrogen cyanide and pyocyanin, and strongly reduced swarming. However, no effect was observed on flagellar swimming or on twitching motility, and aiiA expression did not affect bacterial adhesion to a polyvinylchloride surface. In conclusion, introduction of an AHL degradation gene into P. aeruginosa could block cell–cell communication and exoproduct formation, but failed to interfere with surface colonization.

Keywords: virulence, cell–cell signalling, quorum sensing, twitching motility

Abbreviations: AHL, N-acylhomoserine lactone; BHL, N-butyryl-L-homoserine lactone; CTAB, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; HHL, N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone; OdDHL, N-oxododecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone; OHHL, N-oxohexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone; OOHL, N-oxooctanoyl-L-homoserine lactone

The GenBank accession number for the aiiA nucleotide sequence is AF397400. The GenBank accession numbers for the nucleotide sequences of the 16S rRNA genes of strains A23 and A24 are AF397398 and AF397399.

a Present address: School of Biological Sciences, PO Box 18, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.




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