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Microbiology 149 (2003), 2455-2462; DOI  10.1099/mic.0.26414-0
© 2003 Society for General Microbiology

Important role of fungal intracellular laccase for melanin synthesis: purification and characterization of an intracellular laccase from Lentinula edodes fruit bodies

Masaru Nagai, Maki Kawata, Hisayuki Watanabe, Machiko Ogawa, Kumiko Saito, Toshikazu Takesawa, Katsuhiro Kanda and Toshitsugu Sato

Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, 22-174-4 Narita, Kitakami, Iwate 024-0003, Japan

Correspondence
Masaru Nagai
nagai{at}ibrc.or.jp

A laccase (EC 1.10.3.2) was isolated from the fully browned gills of Lentinula edodes fruit bodies. The enzyme was purified to a homogeneous preparation using hydrophobic, cation-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. SDS-PAGE analysis showed the purified laccase, Lcc 2, to be a monomeric protein of 58·0 kDa. The enzyme had an isoelectric point of around pH 6·9. The optimum pH for enzyme activity was around 3·0 against 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt (ABTS), and it was most active at 40 °C and stable up to 50 °C. The enzyme contained 8·6 % carbohydrate and some copper atoms. The enzyme oxidized ABTS, p-phenylenediamine, pyrogallol, guaiacol, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, catechol and ferulic acid, but not veratryl alcohol and tyrosine. {beta}-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)alanine (L-DOPA), which was not oxidized by a laccase previously reported from the culture filtrate of L. edodes, was also oxidized by Lcc 2, and the oxidative product of L-dopa was identified as L-DOPA quinone by HPLC analysis. Lcc 2 was able to oxidize phenolic compounds extracted from fresh gills to brown-coloured products, suggesting a role for laccase in melanin synthesis in this strain.

Abbreviations: ABTS, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt; DHN, dihydroxynaphthalene; L-DOPA, {beta}-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)alanine; GDHB, {gamma}-glutaminyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzene; GHB, {gamma}-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene; Lcc, laccase; Tyr, tyrosinase; PB, 10mM sodium phosphate buffer




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