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Saccharomyces kluyveri FAD3 encodes an 3 fatty acid desaturase

Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan

Correspondence
Susumu Kajiwara
skajiwar{at}bio.titech.ac.jp

Fungi, like plants, are capable of producing the 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid and -linolenic acid. These fatty acids are synthesized by catalytic reactions of 12 and 3 fatty acid desaturases. This paper describes the first cloning and functional characterization of a yeast 3 fatty acid desaturase gene. The deduced protein encoded by the Saccharomyces kluyveri FAD3 gene (Sk-FAD3) consists of 419 amino acids, and shows 30–60 % identity with 12 fatty acid desaturases of several eukaryotic organisms and 29–31 % identity with 3 fatty acid desaturases of animals and plants. During Sk-FAD3 expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, -linolenic acid accumulated only when linoleic acid was added to the culture medium. The disruption of Sk-FAD3 led to the disappearance of -linolenic acid in S. kluyveri. These findings suggest that Sk-FAD3 is the only 3 fatty acid desaturase gene in this yeast. Furthermore, transcriptional expression of Sk-FAD3 appears to be regulated by low-temperature stress in a manner different from the other fatty acid desaturase genes in S. kluyveri.

The GenBank/DDBJ accession number for the sequence reported in this paper is AB118663.

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