HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Hood, D. W. Articles by Moxon, E. R. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Hood, D. W. Articles by Moxon, E. R. Agricola Articles by Hood, D. W. Articles by Moxon, E. R.

Three genes, lgtF, lic2C and lpsA, have a primary role in determining the pattern of oligosaccharide extension from the inner core of Haemophilus influenzae LPS

¹ Molecular Infectious Diseases Group, University of Oxford Department of Paediatrics, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
² Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0R6

Correspondence
Derek W. Hood
derek.hood{at}paediatrics.ox.ac.uk

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a virulence determinant of Haemophilus influenzae and exhibits substantial heterogeneity in structure within and between strains. Key factors contributing to this heterogeneity are the genes required to add the first glycose to each of the three heptose residues of the LPS inner core. In each case this addition can facilitate further oligosaccharide extension. lgtF is invariably present in strains and the product has a function in adding the glucose to the first heptose. lic2C is present in half the strains and was found to add a glucose to the second heptose. Insertion of lic2C into a strain that does not naturally contain it resulted in hexose incorporation from the second heptose of the LPS. The product of the lpsA gene can add a glucose or galactose to the third heptose. By allelic replacement of lpsA between strains it is shown that the sequence of the gene can be the sole determinant of this specificity. Thus, lgtF, lic2C and lpsA make significant but very distinct contributions to the conservation and variable patterns of oligosaccharide extensions seen in H. influenzae LPS.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				E. K.H. Schweda, B. Twelkmeyer, and Jianjun Li Invited review: Profiling structural elements of short-chain lipopolysaccharide of non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae Innate Immunity, August 1, 2008; 14(4): 199 - 211. [Abstract] [PDF]

				C. V. Rosadini, S. M. S. Wong, and B. J. Akerley The Periplasmic Disulfide Oxidoreductase DsbA Contributes to Haemophilus influenzae Pathogenesis Infect. Immun., April 1, 2008; 76(4): 1498 - 1508. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. L. Erwin, S. A. Sandstedt, P. J. Bonthuis, J. L. Geelhood, K. L. Nelson, W. C. T. Unrath, M. A. Diggle, M. J. Theodore, C. R. Pleatman, E. A. Mothershed, et al. Analysis of Genetic Relatedness of Haemophilus influenzae Isolates by Multilocus Sequence Typing J. Bacteriol., February 15, 2008; 190(4): 1473 - 1483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. L. Erwin, S. Allen, D. K. Ho, P. J. Bonthius, J. Jarisch, K. L. Nelson, D. L. Tsao, W. C. T. Unrath, M. E. Watson Jr., B. W. Gibson, et al. Role of lgtC in Resistance of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Strain R2866 to Human Serum Infect. Immun., November 1, 2006; 74(11): 6226 - 6235. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. E. Deadman, S. L. Lundstrom, E. K. H. Schweda, E. R. Moxon, and D. W. Hood Specific Amino Acids of the Glycosyltransferase LpsA Direct the Addition of Glucose or Galactose to the Terminal Inner Core Heptose of Haemophilus influenzae Lipopolysaccharide via Alternative Linkages J. Biol. Chem., October 6, 2006; 281(40): 29455 - 29467. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. L. Erwin, P. J. Bonthuis, J. L. Geelhood, K. L. Nelson, K. W. McCrea, J. R. Gilsdorf, and A. L. Smith Heterogeneity in Tandem Octanucleotides within Haemophilus influenzae Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthetic Gene losA Affects Serum Resistance. Infect. Immun., June 1, 2006; 74(6): 3408 - 3414. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Zaleski, M. Wojciechowski, and A. Piekarowicz The role of Dam methylation in phase variation of Haemophilus influenzae genes involved in defence against phage infection Microbiology, October 1, 2005; 151(10): 3361 - 3369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. L. Erwin, K. L. Nelson, T. Mhlanga-Mutangadura, P. J. Bonthuis, J. L. Geelhood, G. Morlin, W. C. T. Unrath, J. Campos, D. W. Crook, M. M. Farley, et al. Characterization of Genetic and Phenotypic Diversity of Invasive Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Infect. Immun., September 1, 2005; 73(9): 5853 - 5863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Harrison, D. W. Dyer, A. Gillaspy, W. C. Ray, R. Mungur, M. B. Carson, H. Zhong, J. Gipson, M. Gipson, L. S. Johnson, et al. Genomic Sequence of an Otitis Media Isolate of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: Comparative Study with H. influenzae Serotype d, Strain KW20 J. Bacteriol., July 1, 2005; 187(13): 4627 - 4636. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Griffin, A. D. Cox, K. Makepeace, J. C. Richards, E. R. Moxon, and D. W. Hood Elucidation of the Monoclonal Antibody 5G8-Reactive, Virulence-Associated Lipopolysaccharide Epitope of Haemophilus influenzae and Its Role in Bacterial Resistance to Complement-Mediated Killing Infect. Immun., April 1, 2005; 73(4): 2213 - 2221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]