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Microbiology 153 (2007), 1318-1328; DOI  10.1099/mic.0.2006/004911-0
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Microbiology 153 (2007), 1318-1328; DOI  10.1099/mic.0.2006/004911-0
© 2007 Society for General Microbiology

Effects of iron on DNA release and biofilm development by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Liang Yang, Kim B. Barken, Mette E. Skindersoe, Allan B. Christensen, Michael Givskov and Tim Tolker-Nielsen

Centre for BioScience and Technology, BioCentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark

Correspondence
Tim Tolker-Nielsen
ttn{at}biocentrum.dtu.dk

Extracellular DNA is one of the major matrix components in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. It functions as an intercellular connector and plays a role in stabilization of the biofilms. Evidence that DNA release in P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms is controlled by the las-rhl and pqs quorum-sensing systems has been previously presented. This paper provides evidence that DNA release in P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms is also under iron regulation. Experiments involving cultivation of P. aeruginosa in microtitre trays suggested that pqs expression, DNA release and biofilm formation were favoured in media with low iron concentrations (5 µM FeCl3), and decreased with increasing iron concentrations. Experiments involving cultivation of P. aeruginosa in a flow-chamber system suggested that a high level of iron (100 µM FeCl3) in the medium suppressed DNA release, structural biofilm development, and the development of subpopulations with increased tolerance toward antimicrobial compounds. Experiments with P. aeruginosa strains harbouring fluorescent reporters suggested that expression of the pqs operon was induced in particular subpopulations of the biofilm cells under low-iron conditions (1 µM FeCl3), but repressed in the biofilm cells under high-iron conditions (100 µM FeCl3).

Abbreviations: AHL, N-acylhomoserine lactone; CLSM, confocal laser scanning microscope/microscopy; DDAO, 7-hydroxy-9H-(1,3-dichloro-9,9-dimethylacridin-2-one; PQS, Pseudomonas quinolone signal




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