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Microbiology 155 (2009), 780-790; DOI  10.1099/mic.0.019869-0
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Microbiology 155 (2009), 780-790; DOI  10.1099/mic.0.019869-0
© 2009 Society for General Microbiology

Antioxidant enzyme activities in maize plants colonized with Piriformospora indica

Manoj Kumar1, Vikas Yadav1,{dagger}, Narendra Tuteja2 and Atul Kumar Johri1

1 School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Meharuli Road, New Delhi 110067, India
2 Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India

Correspondence
Atul Kumar Johri
akjohri14{at}yahoo.com

The bioprotection performance of Piriformospora indica against the root parasite Fusarium verticillioides was studied. We found that maize plants first grown with F. verticillioides and at day 10 inoculated with P. indica showed improvements in biomass, and root length and number as compared with plants grown with F. verticillioides alone. To validate our finding that inoculation with P. indica suppresses colonization by F. verticillioides, we performed PCR analyses using P. indica- and F. verticillioides-specific primers. Our results showed that inoculation with P. indica suppresses further colonization by F. verticillioides. We hypothesized that as the colonization by P. indica increases, the presence of/colonization by F. verticillioides decreases. In roots, catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were found to be higher in F. verticillioides-colonized plants than in non-colonized plants. Increased activity of antioxidant enzymes minimizes the chances of oxidative burst (excessive production of reactive oxygen species), and therefore F. verticillioides might be protected from the oxidative defence system during colonization. We also observed decreased antioxidant enzyme activities in plants first inoculated with F. verticillioides and at day 10 inoculated with P. indica as compared with plants inoculated with F. verticillioides alone. These decreased antioxidant enzyme activities due to the presence of P. indica help the plant to overcome the disease load of F. verticillioides. We propose that P. indica can be used as a bioprotection agent against the root parasite F. verticillioides.

Abbreviations: AM, arbuscular mycorrhiza; AMF arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; APX, ascorbate peroxidase; CAT, catalase; GR, glutathione reductase; GST, glutathione S-transferase; HR, hypersensitive reaction; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SOD, superoxide dismutase

{dagger}Present address: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.






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