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Microbiology 155 (2009), 2058-2067; DOI  10.1099/mic.0.027409-0
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Microbiology 155 (2009), 2058-2067; DOI  10.1099/mic.0.027409-0
© 2009 Society for General Microbiology

In the non-insect-transmissible line of onion yellows phytoplasma (OY-NIM), the plasmid-encoded transmembrane protein ORF3 lacks the major promoter region

Yoshiko Ishii1, Shigeyuki Kakizawa1, Ayaka Hoshi1, Kensaku Maejima1, Satoshi Kagiwada2, Yasuyuki Yamaji1, Kenro Oshima3 and Shigetou Namba1,3

1 Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
2 Department of Clinical Plant Science, Faculty of Bioscience and Applied Chemistry, Hosei University, 3-7-2 Kajinocho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8584, Japan
3 Laboratory of Clinical Plant Science, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan

‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’, onion yellows strain (OY), a mildly pathogenic line (OY-M), is a phytopathogenic bacterium transmitted by Macrosteles striifrons leafhoppers. OY-M contains two types of plasmids (EcOYM and pOYM), each of which possesses a gene encoding the putative transmembrane protein, ORF3. A non-insect-transmissible line of this phytoplasma (OY-NIM) has the corresponding plasmids (EcOYNIM and pOYNIM), but pOYNIM lacks orf3. Here we show that in OY-M, orf3 is transcribed from two putative promoters and that on EcOYNIM, one of the promoter sequences is mutated and the other deleted. We also show by immunohistochemical analysis that ORF3 is not expressed in OY-NIM-infected plants. Moreover, ORF3 protein seems to be preferentially expressed in OY-M-infected insects rather than in plants. We speculate that ORF3 may play a role in the interactions of OY with its insect host.

Correspondence
Shigetou Namba
anamba{at}mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Abbreviations: Amp, antigenic membrane protein; EcOY-DNA, extrachromosomal DNA of OY; OY, onion yellows phytoplasma; OY-M, mildly pathogenic line of OY; OY-NIM, non-insect-transmissible line of OY; OY-W, severely pathogenic line of OY; pOY plasmid, plasmid of OY; RACE, rapid amplification of cDNA ends; Rep, replication initiator protein

Three supplementary figures are available with the online version of this paper.






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